[1] D. G. Baur, K. Hong and A. D. Lee, Bitcoin: Medium of exchange or speculative assets?, Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 54, 177--189, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2017.12.004
[2] E. Bouri, D. Roubaud and S. J. H. Shahzad, Do Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies jump together?, The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance}, 76, 396--409, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2019.09.003
[4] P. Mushori and D. Chikobvu, Modelling extreme tail risk of Bitcoin returns using the generalised pareto distribution, Cryptocurrencies-Financial Technologies of the Future, 2024.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1003794
[5] S. L. Heston, A closed-form solution for options with stochastic volatility with applications to bond and currency options, The review of financial studies, 6(2), 327--343, 1993.
https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/6.2.327
[8] J. D. Hamilton, A new approach to the economic analysis of nonstationary time series and the business cycle, Econometrica: Journal of the econometric society, 357--384, 1989.
https://doi.org/10.2307/1912559
[9] D. Saef, O. Nagy, S. Sizov and W. K. Härdle, Understanding temporal dynamics of jumps in cryptocurrency markets: evidence from tick-by-tick data, Digital Finance, 6(4), 605--638, 2024.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42521-024-00116-1
[10] L. Mauri, S. Cimato and E. Damiani, A formal approach for the analysis of the XRP ledger consensus protocol, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Information Systems Security and Privacy, 1, 52--63, 2020.
https://air.unimi.it/handle/2434/728100
[11] Y. Sanjalawe et al., A Comparative Study of Top Ten Leading Cryptocurrencies in 2024, Al-Basaer Journal of Business Research, 1(1), 2025.
https://doi.org/10.71202/paper22
[14] V. Tumas, B. B. F. Pontiveros, C. F. Torres and R. State, A ripple for change: Analysis of frontrunning in the XRP ledger, 2023 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC), 1--9, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBC56567.2023.10174999
[17] M. Kandpal, N. Keshari, A. S. Yadav, M. Yadav and R. K. Barik, Modelling of blockchain based queuing theory implementing preemptive and non-preemptive algorithms, International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, 15(6), 2554--2570, 2024.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13198-024-02276-0
[19] A. G. Olanrewaju, A. O. Ajayi, O. I. Pacheco, A. O. Dada and A. A. Adeyinka, AI-driven adaptive asset allocation: A machine learning approach to dynamic portfolio optimization in volatile financial markets, Int J Res Finance Manag, 8(1), 320--332, 2025.
https://www.doi.org/10.33545/26175754.2025.v8.i1d.451
[20] K. Zhu, F. Wu, F. Wang, T. Shen, H. Wu, B. Xue and Y. Liu, Blockchain-based digital asset circulation: A survey and future challenges, Symmetry, 16(10), 1287, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16101287
[21] P. Pomorski, Construction of Effective Regime-Switching Portfolios Using a Combination of Machine Learning and Traditional Approaches, PhD thesis, UCL (University College London), 2024.
https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10192012
[22] F. Peovski, V. Cvetkoska and I. Ivanovski, The cryptocurrency market through the scope of volatility clustering and leverage effects, Acadlore Trans Appl Math Stat, 1, 130--147, 2023.
http://dx.doi.org/10.56578/atams010302
[23] G. B. Gorton and J. Y. Zhang, Bank Runs During Crypto Winter, Harv. Bus. L. Rev., 14, 297, 2024. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4447703
[25] C. V. Madichie, F. N. Ngwu, E. A. Eze and O. D. Maduka, Modelling the dynamics of cryptocurrency prices for risk hedging: The case of Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Litecoin, Cogent Economics & Finance, 11(1), 2196852, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2023.2196852
[27] Y. N. Tang, Trading Psychology and Market Resilience: From Brownian Motion to Birth--Death Process in Financial Dynamics, Routledge International Handbook of Complexity Economics, Routledge, 374--399, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003119128
[31] M. Wang, Y.-H. Lin and I. Mikhelson, Regime-switching factor investing with hidden Markov models, Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 13(12), 311, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13120311
[34] G. Maitrier, The Hidden Complexity of Prices: Exploring Microstructural Mechanisms in Financial Markets, PhD thesis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 2025.
https://theses.hal.science/tel-05328552
[36] J.-P. Fouque, G. Papanicolaou and K. R. Sircar, Mean-reverting stochastic volatility, International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance, 3(01), 101--142, 2000.
https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219024900000061